OpenSUSE 11.4 Samba Standalone Server With tdbsam Backend

This tutorial explains the installation of a Samba fileserver on OpenSUSE 11.4 and how to configure it to share files over the SMB protocol as well as how to add users. Samba is configured as a standalone server, not as a domain controller. In the resulting setup, every user has his own home directory accessible via the SMB protocol and all users have a shared directory with read-/write access.

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First Step Towards openSUSE 12.1 with Milestone 1

Milestone 1, the first step towards the upcoming openSUSE 12.1 release, is now available. It is the first milestone, hence far from stable, but the images are now finally building, so we have a good starting point for further development.

With over 800 updates, including minor and major updates, the current milestone is ready for some serious testing. This iteration already sees some major upgrades taking place, with the kernel moving on to 2.6.39 and GNOME to 3.0. In addition we have popular GNOME applications like Evolution, Eye of GNOME and others all synchronized, and KDE’s Plasma Desktop coming along nicely with a minor version upgrade to 4.6.3. You will also find upgrades to GCC, glibc, Perl, Python, and the RPM package manager. Much work has also been put into the much-lauded systemd which has now been upgraded to version 26.

You can read some info on the progress in this recent blog on progress in Factory by Andreas Jaeger.

As expected from a development release, there is still a lot of work to do, so your input at this early stage will be a huge help in making the final release into the beautifully polished work that we aim for. openSUSE 12.1 Milestone 1 has a list of most annoying bugs here, please add issues you find and help fix them. As Will Stephenson recently blogged, fixing an issue is a matter of BURPing on build.opensuse.org! Find a how-to here.

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Get Your Fresh Kernels from openSUSE and Test Linux 3.0!

The openSUSE kernel developers have recently announced that the kernel git trees have moved to kernel.opensuse.org/git, providing better reliability than gitorious. Gitorious had trouble with cloning the nearly 1GB repository sometimes, but the developers will keep syncing to gitorious so nothing should break. Moreover, kernel.opensuse.org offers an easy interface to install openSUSE kernels on a variety of openSUSE releases.

More things are planned for kernel.opensuse.org including the introduction LXR. cgit was already added during the writing of this article!

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openSUSE conference looking for sponsors

Like the previous years, the openSUSE conference team is looking for sponsors. The conference has grown 35% last year and we expect it to grow even more this year so financial help is needed!

Like the previous years, the openSUSE conference team is looking for sponsors. The conference has grown 35% last year and we expect it to grow even more this year so financial help is needed!

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Time to Vote on the openSUSE Strategy!

Over the last year an openSUSE strategy discussion has been taken place. Beginning this year things went quiet for a while as everyone was busy with the openSUSE 11.4 release and now the conference but we’re at the final stage and want to finish this. Time to vote!

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openSUSE Renames OBS

The openSUSE Build Service Team has decided to rename its cutting-edge packaging- and distribution build technology to Open Build Service. The new name, while maintaining the well-known OBS acronym, signals its open and cross-distribution nature.

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openSUSE Happy to Welcome 16 GSOC Students!

We’ve got excellent news! We’ve received many excellent submissions for our Google Summer of Code application and Google has given us 16 slots. This means that 16 eager students have been selected and will start working with their mentors on an awesome openSUSE project!

Read more at openSUSE News

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Installing Lighttpd With PHP5 And MySQL Support On OpenSUSE 11.4

Lighttpd is a secure, fast, standards-compliant web server designed for speed-critical environments. This tutorial shows how you can install Lighttpd on an OpenSUSE 11.4 server with PHP5 support (through FastCGI) and MySQL support.

I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you!

In this tutorial I use the hostname server1.example.com with the IP address 192.168.0.100. These settings might differ for you, so you have to replace them where appropriate.

First we install MySQL 5 like this:

yast2 -i mysql mysql-client mysql-community-server

Then we create the system startup links for MySQL (so that MySQL starts automatically whenever the system boots) and start the MySQL server:

chkconfig -f --add mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql start

To secure the MySQL installation, run:

mysql_secure_installation

Now you will be asked several questions:

server1:~ # mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): <-- ENTER
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] <-- Y
New password: <-- fill in your desired MySQL root password
Re-enter new password: <-- confirm that password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- Y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <-- Y
 ... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- Y
 - Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- Y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

server1:~ #

Now your MySQL setup should be secured.

Lighttpd is available as an OpenSUSE package, therefore we can install it like this:

yast2 -i lighttpd

Then we create the system startup links for Lighttpd (so that Lighttpd starts automatically whenever the system boots) and start it:

chkconfig -f --add lighttpd
/etc/init.d/lighttpd start

Now direct your browser to http://192.168.0.100, and you should see that Lighttpd delivers a page (well, it's a 404 page because there's no index file in Lighttpd's document root, but at least this means that Lighttpd is working ok):

Lighttpd's default document root is /srv/www/htdocs on OpenSUSE, and the configuration file is /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf.

We can make PHP5 work in Lighttpd through FastCGI. There's a FastCGI package for PHP5 available on OpenSUSE, php5-fastcgi, which we install like this:

yast2 -i php5-fastcgi

Installing Lighttpd With PHP5 And MySQL Support On OpenSUSE 11.4 - Page 2

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Virtualization With KVM On An OpenSUSE 11.4 Server

This guide explains how you can install and use KVM for creating and running virtual machines on an OpenSUSE 11.4 server. I will show how to create image-based virtual machines and also virtual machines that use a logical volume (LVM). KVM is short for Kernel-based Virtual Machine and makes use of hardware virtualization, i.e., you need a CPU that supports hardware virtualization, e.g. Intel VT or AMD-V.

I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you!

I'm using an OpenSUSE 11.4 server with the hostname server1.example.com and the IP address 192.168.0.100 here as my KVM host.

We also need a desktop system where we install virt-manager so that we can connect to the graphical console of the virtual machines that we install. I'm using an OpenSUSE 11.4 desktop here.

OpenSUSE 11.4 KVM Host:

First check if your CPU supports hardware virtualization - if this is the case, the command

egrep '(vmx|svm)' --color=always /proc/cpuinfo

should display something, e.g. like this:

server1:~ # egrep '(vmx|svm)' --color=always /proc/cpuinfo
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall
nx mmxext fxsr_opt rdtscp lm 3dnowext 3dnow rep_good extd_apicid pni cx16 lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy 3dnowprefetch lbrv
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall
nx mmxext fxsr_opt rdtscp lm 3dnowext 3dnow rep_good extd_apicid pni cx16 lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy 3dnowprefetch lbrv
server1:~ #

If nothing is displayed, then your processor doesn't support hardware virtualization, and you must stop here.

One of the dependencies that gets installed when we install KVM is Python 2.7, but Python 2.7 conflicts with the package patterns-openSUSE-minimal_base. Therefore we must uninstall that package first. To do so, start YaST:

yast2

In YaST, go to Software > Software Management:

Type patterns-openSUSE-minimal_base in the Search field and press ENTER. The package should be listed as installed (i) in the main window. Mark the package and press the ENTER key until there's a minus (-) sign in front of the package (the minus stands for uninstall), then hit [Accept]:

 As a replacment for the package, some other packages need to be installed. Accept the selection by hitting [OK]:

 Leave YaST afterwards.

To install KVM and virtinst (a tool to create virtual machines), we run

yast2 -i kvm libvirt libvirt-python qemu virt-manager

Then create the system startup links for libvirtd...

chkconfig --add libvirtd

... and start the libvirt daemon:

/etc/init.d/libvirtd start

To check if KVM has successfully been installed, run

virsh -c qemu:///system list

It should display something like this:

server1:~ # virsh -c qemu:///system list
Id Name                 State
----------------------------------

server1:~ #

If it displays an error instead, then something went wrong.

Next we need to set up a network bridge on our server so that our virtual machines can be accessed from other hosts as if they were physical systems in the network.

To do this, we install the package bridge-utils...

yast2 -i bridge-utils

... and configure a bridge.

To configure the bridge, create the file /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-br0 as follows (make sure you use the IPADDR setting from the /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0 file):

vi /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-br0

STARTMODE='auto'BOOTPROTO='static'IPADDR='192.168.0.100/24'MTU=''NETMASK=''NETWORK=''BROADCAST=''USERCONTROL=noNAME='Bridge 0'NM_CONTROLLED=noBRIDGE='yes'BRIDGE_PORTS='eth0'BRIDGE_AGEINGTIME='300'BRIDGE_FORWARDDELAY='0'BRIDGE_HELLOTIME='2'BRIDGE_MAXAGE='20'BRIDGE_PATHCOSTS='19'BRIDGE_PORTPRIORITIES=BRIDGE_PRIORITY=BRIDGE_STP='on'

(If you get the message You do not have a valid vim binary package installed. Please install either "vim", "vim-enhanced" or "gvim"., please run

yast2 -i vim

to install vi and try again. )

Modify /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0 as follows (set IPADDR to 0.0.0.0 and change STARTMODE to hotplug):

vi /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0

BOOTPROTO='static'BROADCAST=''ETHTOOL_OPTIONS=''IPADDR='0.0.0.0'MTU=''NAME='MCP77 Ethernet'NETMASK=''NETWORK=''REMOTE_IPADDR=''STARTMODE='hotplug'USERCONTROL='no'

Then restart the network:

/etc/init.d/network restart

Afterwards, run

ifconfig

It should now show the network bridge (br0):

server1:~ # ifconfig
br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:1E:90:F3:F0:02
inet addr:192.168.0.100  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21e:90ff:fef3:f002/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:4499 (4.3 Kb)  TX bytes:5703 (5.5 Kb)

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:1E:90:F3:F0:02
inet6 addr: fe80::21e:90ff:fef3:f002/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:65 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:5995 (5.8 Kb)  TX bytes:7381 (7.2 Kb)
Interrupt:41 Base address:0xe000

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
RX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:100 (100.0 b)  TX bytes:100 (100.0 b)

server1:~ #

OpenSUSE 11.4 Desktop:

We need a means of connecting to the graphical console of our guests - we can use virt-manager for this. I'm assuming that you're using an OpenSUSE 11.4 desktop.

Become root...

su

... and run...

yast2 -i virt-manager libvirt

... to install virt-manager.

(If you're using an Ubuntu 10.10 desktop, you can install virt-manager as follows:

sudo aptitude install virt-manager

)

OpenSUSE 11.4 KVM Host:

Now let's go back to our OpenSUSE 11.4 KVM host.

Take a look at

virt-install --help

to learn how to use it.

We will create our image-based virtual machines in the directory /var/lib/libvirt/images/ which was created automatically when we installed KVM in chapter two.

To create a Debian Squeeze guest (in bridging mode) with the name vm10, 512MB of RAM, two virtual CPUs, and the disk image /var/lib/libvirt/images/vm10.img (with a size of 12GB), insert the Debian Squeeze Netinstall CD into the CD drive and run

virt-install --connect qemu:///system -n vm10 -r 512 --vcpus=2 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm10.img,size=12 -c /dev/cdrom --vnc --noautoconsole --os-type linux --os-variant debiansqueeze --accelerate --network=bridge:br0 --hvm

Of course, you can also create an ISO image of the Debian Squeeze Netinstall CD (please create it in the /var/lib/libvirt/images/ directory because later on I will show how to create virtual machines through virt-manager from your OpenSUSE 11.4 desktop, and virt-manager will look for ISO images in the /var/lib/libvirt/images/ directory)...

dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/var/lib/libvirt/images/debian-6.0.0-amd64-netinst.iso

... and use the ISO image in the virt-install command:

virt-install --connect qemu:///system -n vm10 -r 512 --vcpus=2 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm10.img,size=12 -c /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian-6.0.0-amd64-netinst.iso --vnc --noautoconsole --os-type linux --os-variant debiansqueeze --accelerate --network=bridge:br0 --hvm

The output is as follows:

server1:~ # virt-install --connect qemu:///system -n vm10 -r 512 --vcpus=2 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm10.img,size=12 -c /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian-6.0.0-amd64-netinst.iso --vnc --noautoconsole --os-type linux --os-variant debiansqueeze --accelerate --network=bridge:br0 --hvm

Starting install...
Allocating 'vm10.img'     100% |=========================|  12 GB    00:00
Creating domain...                                                 0 B 00:00
Domain installation still in progress. You can reconnect to
the console to complete the installation process.
server1:~ #

Virtualization With KVM On An OpenSUSE 11.4 Server - Page 2

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